As we gradually become older, our skin begins to look worn and feeble, which is due to a reduction in the creation of new skin cells. When skin ages, wrinkles arise and the skin becomes looser. This is due to changes in the dermis. The dermis consists primarily of collagen, a protein that forms the framework that supports the epidermis. An age-related drop in collagen production will cause the skin’s framework to deteriorate, causing wrinkles and fine lines. At the same time, the small blood vessels that supply the skin with blood and nutrients become less effective. The cells do not receive sufficient nutrients. These normal age-related changes are gradual and occur over time.

Most of the signs of ageing skin are due to sun exposure. UV radiation creates outbreaks of destructive free radicals, which activate enzymes that break down the structure in the dermis. Long-term and intense sunbathing increases the breakdown of elastic fibres and thus accelerates the ageing process in skin. UV radiation also reduces the antioxidant level in the skin. Antioxidants are necessary in order to neutralise free radicals. However, protection against the sun can also slow down the ageing of the skin.

• A reduction in the creation of new skin cells causes looser and more feeble skin.
• UV radiation creates outbreaks of destructive free radicals, which activate enzymes that break down the structure in the dermis.
• The skin’s framework deteriorates due to a drop in collagen production, which is a consequence of natural ageing.
• The small blood vessels that supply the skin with blood and nutrients become less effective.
• Protection against the sun can slow down the ageing.